@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-400-normal.DQi5PRDE.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-400-normal.AFMiCETP.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-600-normal.DeckBYAU.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-600-normal.BvDVuF-j.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-600-normal.DouSKlru.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-600-normal.DMD1h6_f.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-700-normal.CGGdTIBe.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-700-normal.3V4Pv1hj.woff)format("woff")}:root{--duke-navy:#012169;--duke-royal:#00539b;--ink:#262626;--graphite:#666;--hatteras:#e2e6ed;--whisper:#f3f2f1;--white:#fff;--serif:"Source Serif 4", Georgia, serif;--sans:"Source Sans 3", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;--max-width:1240px}*,:before,:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{color:var(--ink);background:var(--white);font-family:var(--sans);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;margin:0;font-size:17px;line-height:1.65}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}a{color:var(--duke-royal);text-underline-offset:.2em;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:hover{color:var(--duke-navy);text-decoration-thickness:2px}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--duke-royal);outline-offset:3px}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{color:var(--duke-navy);font-family:var(--serif);line-height:1.15}h1{letter-spacing:-.035em;font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,2.7rem)}h2{letter-spacing:-.025em;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3.5vw,2.25rem)}h3{font-size:1.25rem}.skip-link{z-index:100;color:var(--white);background:var(--duke-navy);padding:.65rem 1rem;position:fixed;top:.75rem;left:.75rem;transform:translateY(-160%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);background:#fffffff7}.header-inner,.footer-inner{width:min(calc(100% - 2.5rem), var(--max-width));margin-inline:auto}.header-inner{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:2rem;min-height:78px;display:flex}.wordmark{color:var(--duke-navy);align-items:baseline;gap:.85rem;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.wordmark-name{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:700}.wordmark-role{color:var(--graphite);letter-spacing:.02em;font-size:.82rem}.nav-list{gap:clamp(1rem,3vw,2rem);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.nav-list a{color:var(--ink);border-bottom:3px solid #0000;padding:1.55rem 0 1.35rem;font-size:.94rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.nav-list a:hover,.nav-list a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--duke-navy);border-bottom-color:var(--duke-navy)}.page-shell{width:min(calc(100% - 2.5rem), var(--max-width));grid-template-columns:220px minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem);margin-inline:auto;padding-block:clamp(3rem,6vw,5.5rem) 6rem;display:grid}.profile-rail{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:2rem}.profile-photo{aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;background:var(--whisper);border-radius:8px;width:220px;display:block}.profile-copy{margin-top:1.4rem}.profile-name{color:var(--duke-navy);font-family:var(--serif);margin-bottom:.15rem;font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}.profile-role,.profile-affiliation{margin-bottom:.7rem;font-size:.94rem;line-height:1.45}.profile-role{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.profile-affiliation{color:var(--graphite)}.profile-links{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras);margin:1.25rem 0 0;padding:1.1rem 0 0;list-style:none}.profile-links li+li{margin-top:.4rem}.profile-links a{font-size:.9rem}main{min-width:0}.home-introduction{max-width:800px;padding:.5rem 0 clamp(3.5rem,7vw,5rem)}.home-introduction h1{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.prose-copy,.research-prose{max-width:780px}.prose-copy p,.research-prose p{color:#3f3f3f}.research-prose section{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras);padding-block:2rem}.research-prose h2{margin-bottom:.9rem;font-size:1.55rem}.research-prose p{margin-bottom:0}.hero{max-width:850px;padding:.75rem 0 clamp(4.5rem,9vw,7rem)}.eyebrow,.section-kicker,.status-label{color:var(--duke-royal);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:600}.hero h1{max-width:820px;margin-bottom:1.5rem}.hero-lede,.page-lede{color:#424242;max-width:750px;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,2vw,1.27rem);line-height:1.6}.hero-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.8rem;margin-top:2rem;display:flex}.button{border:1px solid var(--duke-navy);border-radius:3px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:46px;padding:.65rem 1.1rem;font-size:.93rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;transition:color .14s,background-color .14s,border-color .14s;display:inline-flex}.button-primary{color:var(--white);background:var(--duke-navy)}.button-primary:hover{color:var(--white);background:var(--duke-royal);border-color:var(--duke-royal)}.button-secondary{color:var(--duke-navy);background:var(--white)}.button-secondary:hover{color:var(--duke-navy);background:var(--whisper)}.section-block{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras);padding-block:clamp(3.8rem,7vw,5.5rem)}.section-intro{max-width:700px;margin-bottom:2.4rem}.section-intro h2{margin-bottom:1rem}.section-intro>p:last-child{color:var(--graphite)}.section-intro-row{justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:2rem;max-width:none;display:flex}.section-intro-row>a{flex:none;margin-bottom:1rem;font-weight:600}.direction-list{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.direction-summary{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);grid-template-columns:56px 1fr;gap:1rem;padding-block:1.8rem;display:grid}.direction-number{color:var(--duke-royal);letter-spacing:.08em;font-size:.83rem;font-weight:600}.direction-summary h3{margin-bottom:.6rem;font-size:1.35rem}.direction-summary p:last-child{color:#484848;max-width:720px;margin-bottom:0}.status-label{letter-spacing:.08em;margin-bottom:.35rem}.section-link{margin:1.4rem 0 0;font-weight:600}.publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.publication{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);padding-block:1.55rem}.publication-heading{display:block}.publication h3{font-family:var(--sans);margin-bottom:.45rem;font-size:1.03rem;line-height:1.45}.publication h3 a{color:var(--duke-navy);text-decoration-color:#0000}.publication h3 a:hover{text-decoration-color:currentColor}.publication-authors,.publication-meta{color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:.35rem;font-size:.91rem;line-height:1.5}.publication-meta{margin-bottom:0}.publication-metrics{vertical-align:middle;margin-left:.7rem;display:inline-flex}.tag{color:var(--duke-navy);background:var(--whisper);letter-spacing:.025em;border-radius:2px;margin-left:.6rem;padding:.08rem .42rem;font-size:.72rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;display:inline-block}.dataset-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem;display:grid}.dataset-list{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.dataset-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);padding-block:1.35rem}.dataset-item h3{font-family:var(--sans);margin-bottom:.35rem;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.45}.dataset-item p{color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.9rem}.dataset-card{border:1px solid var(--hatteras);border-top:4px solid var(--duke-navy);min-height:255px;padding:1.35rem;position:relative}.dataset-pollutant{color:var(--duke-royal);font-family:var(--serif);margin-bottom:2.3rem;font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:700;display:inline-block}.dataset-card h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.4}.dataset-card h3 a{color:var(--duke-navy);text-decoration-color:#0000}.dataset-card h3 a:hover{text-decoration-color:currentColor}.dataset-card p{color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.86rem}.dataset-year{color:var(--graphite);font-size:.78rem;position:absolute;bottom:1.2rem;right:1.35rem}.page-header{max-width:850px;padding:.75rem 0 clamp(4rem,8vw,6rem)}.page-header h1{margin-bottom:1.4rem}.header-link{margin-top:1.5rem;font-weight:600}.research-detail-list{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.research-detail{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);grid-template-columns:140px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.5rem;padding-block:clamp(2.7rem,6vw,4rem);display:grid}.research-detail-index span{color:var(--duke-royal);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:2.1rem;font-weight:700}.research-detail-index p{color:var(--graphite);text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:.45rem;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600}.research-detail h2{margin-bottom:1rem}.research-summary{max-width:720px;color:var(--ink);font-size:1.12rem;font-weight:600}.research-detail div:last-child>p:last-child{color:#4c4c4c;max-width:720px}.method-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:2rem;display:grid}.method-grid article{border-top:3px solid var(--duke-navy);padding-top:1.25rem}.method-grid h3{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:1rem}.method-grid p{color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.92rem}.note-panel{background:var(--whisper);border-left:4px solid var(--duke-navy);padding:1.7rem}.note-panel p:last-child{max-width:720px;margin-bottom:0}.publication-page-header{padding-bottom:4rem}.publication-year-group{grid-template-columns:90px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2rem;padding-bottom:3.5rem;display:grid}.publication-year-group>h2{color:var(--duke-royal);font-family:var(--sans);letter-spacing:.08em;margin:0;font-size:1rem}.publication-note{color:var(--graphite);font-size:.85rem}.cv-header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:2rem;max-width:none;display:flex}.cv-header .button{flex:none;margin-bottom:1.3rem}.cv-section{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras);padding-block:3.5rem}.cv-section>h2{margin-bottom:2rem}.timeline-list{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.timeline-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);grid-template-columns:170px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2rem;padding-block:1.5rem;display:grid}.timeline-date{color:var(--graphite);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-size:.88rem}.timeline-item h3{font-family:var(--sans);margin-bottom:.3rem;font-size:1.05rem}.timeline-item p{color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:.2rem;font-size:.93rem}.timeline-title{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)!important}.service-subheading{font-family:var(--sans);margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1.05rem}.service-list{columns:2;column-gap:3rem;margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem}.service-list li{break-inside:avoid;color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:.35rem}.presentation-link{margin-top:.45rem;font-weight:600}.cv-contact ul{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.75rem 2rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}footer{border-top:1px solid var(--hatteras)}.footer-inner{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:2rem;min-height:110px;display:flex}.footer-inner p{color:var(--graphite);margin:0;font-size:.8rem}@media (width<=1023px){.page-shell{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:3.5rem}.profile-rail{border-bottom:1px solid var(--hatteras);grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;align-items:center;gap:1.5rem 2rem;padding-bottom:2.5rem;display:grid;position:static}.profile-photo{grid-row:1/span 2;width:180px}.profile-copy{align-self:end;margin:0}.profile-links{flex-wrap:wrap;align-self:start;gap:.45rem 1rem;margin:0;padding-top:.8rem;display:flex}.profile-links li+li{margin:0}.wordmark-role{display:none}}@media (width<=720px){body{font-size:16px}.header-inner{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:0;padding-top:1rem}.nav-list{gap:1.25rem;width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.nav-list a{white-space:nowrap;padding:.85rem 0 .7rem}.page-shell{width:min(calc(100% - 2rem), var(--max-width));padding-block:2.25rem 4rem}.profile-rail{grid-template-columns:116px 1fr;gap:1rem 1.2rem}.profile-photo{width:116px}.profile-name{font-size:1.25rem}.profile-role,.profile-affiliation{font-size:.86rem}.profile-links{grid-column:1/-1}.hero{padding-top:0}.section-intro-row,.cv-header,.footer-inner{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.section-intro-row>a{margin-top:-1rem}.dataset-grid,.method-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.dataset-card{min-height:220px}.research-detail,.publication-year-group,.timeline-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.8rem}.research-detail-index{align-items:baseline;gap:.8rem;display:flex}.research-detail-index span{font-size:1.4rem}.publication-year-group>h2{z-index:2;background:var(--white);padding:.4rem 0;position:sticky;top:0}.publication-heading{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.cv-header .button{margin:-2rem 0 0}.service-list{columns:1}.footer-inner{justify-content:center;gap:.3rem;min-height:130px}}@media print{.site-header,.profile-rail,footer,.button,.skip-link{display:none!important}.page-shell{width:100%;padding:0;display:block}body{color:#000;font-size:11pt}a{color:inherit}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important}}